Minimally Invasive
Vascular
Therapy
Introduction: A Revolution in Medicine
Minimally invasive, catheter-based therapies --
balloon angioplasty and stenting -- have revolutionized the treatment
of coronary
artery disease.
Using the body's highway of blood vessels to perform
procedures that once required open surgery has great advantages
for patients -- often less pain, less risk, quicker recovery and
lower
cost. The accumulation of plaque that occurs in the coronaries
is an on-going disease process that can occur in blood vessels throughout
the body. (In fact, many patients treated for coronary artery disease
already have or will develop blockages elsewhere.)
Less invasive therapies
are now being used to open blockages in the vital carotid artery
that
leads
to the brain, to remove blockages in the renal arteries that jeopardize
kidney function, and to treat painful blockages in the peripheral
arteries of the legs. Catheter-based procedures increasingly
are being employed not only to treat atherosclerosis throughout
the body, but also
to deliver new, targeted medications. For example, medications are
coated on drug-eluting heart stents to reduce restenosis and inflammation.
Catheters, thread through the arterial system,
are also being used to perform complex procedures in hard-to-access
parts
of the body, such as repair of aortic heart valves, treatment
of brain aneurysm and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm, a life-threatening
condition.
This is a rapidly evolving field and it is expected
that there will be many exciting new applications of minimally invasive
treatments
in
the future.
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